1.0 Introduction
Volume is how much three-dimensional space a substance (solid, liquid, gas, or plasma) or shape occupies or contains, often quantified numerically using the SI derived unit, the cubic metre. The volume of a container is generally understood to be the capacity of the container, i. e. the amount of fluid (gas or liquid) that the container could hold, rather than the amount of space the container itself displaces.
The term volume of liquid refers to the measure of capacity. The term of capacity is used to measure of substances that can pour, that is, fluids. Capacity is measured in millilitres (ml) and litres (l) in the metric system.
Volume of liquid is measured by adding liquid to the graduated container or measuring cup and comparing the liquid level to the graduated scale. The measured volume corresponds to the volume of liquid contained in the graduated container.
measuring cup
When teaching volume of liquid, it provides lots of opportunities for the students to order objects by size. Use daily activities and real objects to help students understand the concept of volume of liquid. The terms non-standard and standard are often used when describing prescribed learning outcomes for measurement of volume of liquid.
Volume of liquid also can be measure by using non-standard measuring tool, which means measuring liquid by using cups, spoon, glasses, jugs, etc. As long as the non-standard measuring tools used to measure liquid with are all the same size, then they are suitable to use.
2.0 Two Teaching Aids
Glass is one of the non-standard measuring tool for volume of liquid. Glass is not a graduated container compare to graduated cylinder and measuring cup. We just can use glass to measure how many glasses of water inside a container. But, we cannot measure the exactly volume of water in a container by using this method.
The graduated cylinder can use to measure volume of liquid. However, volume of liquid is frequently measured using either a graduated cylinder or a burette. As the name implies, a graduated cylinder is a cylindrical glass or plastic tube sealed at one end with a calibrated scale etched or marked on the outside wall. Graduated cylinder comes in a range of sizes volume capacities, and much like a measuring cup. Graduated cylinder is a standard measurement tool for volume of liquid. This is suitable for high achiever students.
Before teaches student about how to use these measuring instrument, teacher has to take note of the errors of parallax that might occur and about how to avoid them.
Two basic rules have to be considered for taking a correct reading from a measuring cylinder. First, your eye should be in line with the lower level of the surface of the water (meniscus). Second, the measuring cylinder has to be placed on a level surface and not be tilted, as in the illustrated example!
3.0 Two Teaching Activities
3.1 Teaching Activity 1
Learning outcome:
• To compare capacity of a plastic bottle and a plastic bowl for low achiever students
Materials:
• A plastic bottle
• A paper cup
• A pail
• A glass
Procedures:
1. Divide the students into six groups and let them work in their groups.
2. Ask the each group to estimate each container can fill how many glasses of water.
3. Record the estimation number of glass in the following table.
4. Give each group a set of containers.
5. Each group fills the plastic bottle and paper cup with water from pail until it is full.
6. Each group uses a glass to pour water from plastic bottle.
7. Water inside the glass pours into the pail for the next measurement.
8. Record the number of glass in the following table.
9. Each group uses a glass to pour water from paper cup.
10. Water inside the glass pours into the pail for the next measurement.
11. Record the number of glass in the following table.
Container | Estimation number of glass | Measurement number of glass |
Plastic Bottle | ||
Paper Cup |
12. Ask each group to complete the statements below.
1. The plastic bottle can holds _________ glasses of water and the paper can holds _______ glasses of water. 2. The water in the plastic bottle is ___________ than the paper cup. |
Plastic Bottle Paper Cup
Pail Glass
3.2 Teaching Activity 2
Learning outcome:
• To compare capacity of two containers for high achiever students
Materials:
• A paper cup
• A plastic bottle
• A graduated cylinder
Procedures:
1. Two basic rules have to let students know for taking a correct reading from a measuring
cylinder (as mention above).
2. Divide the students into six groups and have them work in their groups.
3. Each group has to estimate each container can fill how much water.
4. Record the estimation volume of water in the following table.
5. Give each group a set of containers.
6. Each group pours water into the plastic bottle and paper cup until it is full.
7. Each group uses the graduated cylinder to fill water from plastic bottle.
8. Record the volume of water in the following table.
9. Each group uses the graduated cylinder to fill water from paper cup.
10. Record the volume of water in the following table.
Container | Estimation volume of water | Measurement volume of water |
Plastic Bottle | ||
Plastic Bowl |
11. Each group has to complete the statements below.
1. The plastic bottle can holds _________ ml of water and the paper cup can holds _______ ml of water. 2. The water in the plastic bottle is ___________ than the paper cup. |
Graduated Cylinder
4.0 Conclusion
For the low achiever students, use non-standard measurement to measure and compare volumes will emphasize filling each container with water to the top. Compare the volume of liquids of two non-standard measurements tool by direct comparison. When comparing volume of liquids, containers must be filled to the top. Then students can catch up the capacity. They will be more understood about the capacity or volume before they use the graduated container to measure the volume of liquid.
For the high achiever students, they investigate the volumes of two different containers of different sizes by filling the containers with water using a graduated cylinder. Students also engage in measuring volume of liquids using graduated cylinder. They will easily to catch up what are being told by teacher. Learning how to use a graduated cylinder is a crucial step. This guide will therefore endeavor the correct procedure to find the volume of a liquid using a graduated cylinder.
In conclusion, students’ skills on predicting should be increase and they should know basic measuring equipment. Then, students should be able to contrast and compare objects geometrically and able to measure volume.
5.0 Bibliography
